昆山庙泾河 - 诗意的共享生态水廊 Miaojing River: From a Hidden Treasure to Ecological Infrastructure ?ZHIYI [ 庙泾河中央水廊西段向东鸟瞰，画面中央双桥处为庙泾河，两侧水道为过去作为输水渠道所需建的南北护堤河。] [ Miaojing River Water Corridor Bird’s Eye West Section Toward East. The central river with twin bridges is the Miaojing River. The protection canals at both sides were built for the aqueduct purpose in the past. ]
昆山庙泾河 - 诗意的共享生态水廊
Miaojing River: From a Hidden Treasure to Ecological Infrastructure
?ZHIYI
[ 庙泾河中央水廊西段向东鸟瞰，画面中央双桥处为庙泾河，两侧水道为过去作为输水渠道所需建的南北护堤河。]
[ Miaojing River Water Corridor Bird’s Eye West Section Toward East. The central river with twin bridges is the Miaojing River. The protection canals at both sides were built for the aqueduct purpose in the past. ]
昆山与庙泾河
Kunshan & Miaojing River
昆山作为传统的江南水乡，绵密的水系已经伴随着城市的成长，从灌溉与交通，到创建公园城市宜居、创新、旅游等多个面向，关键的生态基础设施。昆山城西位于自然的魁儡湖与老城中心之间，南北向的开放空间轴联系着大渔湖、森林公园、体育场馆等重要的公共设施。在上位的生态绿道规划下，庙泾河属于阳澄湖东侧生态廊道的一部分，东西向联系着魁儡湖水源地、森林公园、与老城区，过去的多年一直担负着供给民生用水的输水渠道，南北两侧的护堤河伴随着浓密的防护林带因此而生，也在发展后的城市的核心区域留下了难得的大片绿地。
20 km northwest of Shanghai lies Kunshan City. With a rich history as a watertown, Kunshan is woven together by its waterways resulting in 8,000 hectares of Kunshan being covered by water. This extensive infrastructure of canals has driven the development of the city from years of irrigated farming to an economy now that produces 70% of its GDP from innovative industries.
Kunshan West has been a growing region between the natural preserved area of Kuilei Lake and the old town city center. An existing North-South core axis links major public open space amenities that include a large retail center at Central Lake, Forest Park, as well as sports and commerce centers to the south. Yangcheng Lake East Ecological Corridor runs West to East at the north of Forest Park, connecting Kueilai Lake Reservoir to the central old town. Part of the large ecological connection, Miaojing River Central Water Corridor worked as the aqueduct, serving the municipal water to the majority of the population in Kunshan. Two water channels were formed at both sides of the Miaojing River to protect it from the adjacent runoffs and trees were densely planted as the buffer, resulting in this unique and large green area in the heart of the already developed urban setting.
?PLAT
[ 昆山城西整体城市框架 ]
[ Overall Urban Framework of Kunshan West ]
?PLAT
[ 庙泾河改造前鸟瞰，远处为昆山中心城区的地标亭林园，摄于2017。]
[ Bird’s Eye of Miaojing River before the construction toward East, with Tinglin Park and Central Old Town in the background, 2017. ]
设计策略
Strategy
在输水渠道地下管线化之后，庙泾河迎来了重新定位并且开放给公众的机遇。2017年规划设计任务启动初期，深入现场的设计与甲方团队都惊艳于城市中自然所带来的空间上与感受上的震撼。但尽管场地当中的绿意丰富，密植的防护林带、单一的林相、以及滨水植物层次的缺乏，都显示了生态重建的需要性。鉴于此，项目不在突出吸睛的设计手法，而在于最大地尊重与保留现有场地的自然、幽静、诗意等特质的同时，合宜地加入服务人群的场所，将其打造为昆山城西具有公共性的生态脊柱，对城市发挥其最大的生态系统服务性 (Ecosystem Services)。
Miaojing River encountered the opportunity to become an open space for the public after the city implemented the piping system to replace the function of aqueduct. However, the isolation of this corridor had produced a variety of issues. Highly dense forests with linear belts of single species of trees compete for resources resulting in low diversity and a lack of accessibility into the understory. An unhealthy riparian habitat can additionally be observed as a result of steep slopes on the banks of each channel.The overall design objective focuses on turning this hidden treasure into a public ecological “spine” of the Kunshan West District, while preserving its existing natural, untouched, and poetic character.
?ZHIYI
[ 庙泾河中央水廊项目往西鸟瞰，连接西部魁儡湖 、森林公园(画面左下)、以及南北地块。]
[ Miaojing River Central Corridor Bird's Eye Toward West. It connects Kuilei Lake, Forest Park (Lower Left), and the north, south neighborhoods. ]
在关键的路口设置了进入的节点，搭配停车、脚踏车出租、轻食、以及休息的区域，用以连接南北两侧的区域。连续的慢行系统东西向贯穿连结魁儡湖区域与森林公园，同时与中央的水体保持一定的距离，弱化人为活动对生态的干扰。项目也设计了跨河的桥梁与下穿的通廊，用以接续被既有道路网络与水系截断的动线体系。所有的慢行道两侧都在整体的低冲击雨水管理策略下，利用雨水花园等海绵设施，搭配透水的彩色混凝土，实现可持续的目标。
Entries with parking, bike rental, cafe kiosks, and resting areas are introduced at key intersections to connect north, and south neighborhoods. The continuous trail system connects Kuilei Lake Area to Forest Park, while keeping its distance to the central waterway, to minimize the impact to the existing vegetation. Bridges are designed as part of the trail system. Tunnels and Underpath are placed for areas being cut-off by the city's street grid. All the surfaces are designed to be permeable, and elevated at the possible areas.
?KCID, PLAT
[ 全区示意图 ]
[ Overall Design Diagram ]
?PLAT
[ 通达性策略 ]
[ Accessibility Strategy ]
?ZHIYI
[ 双桥：前景为项目所建的慢行新桥，背景为水利农耕时期使用、而后在输水道时期停用的旧桥。]
[ Twin Bridges: New Bridge was built by this project for connecting bike trails. The old bridge in the back was used when Miaojing River was an irrigation canal for farming. It was then abandoned during the aqueduct stage. ]
?PLAT
[ 森林栈道概念设计效果图 ]
[ Forest Boardwalk Concept Rendering ]
?KCID
[ 森林栈道 ]
[ Forest Boardwalk ]
?ZHIYI
[ 慢行系统下穿市政道路 ]
[ The under-path connecting the trails through vehicular streets. ]
项目在现有的植物基础上，创建了多样的生态环境。现有的单一品种林地经过梳林的过程，连同慢行道沿线，依据场地条件引进复层的植被，重建一个健康的森林生态。在现有的林间开阔区域利用不同的草本地被创造湿草甸的区域，部分的滨水区域利用缓坡打造更为优质的湿地。以这样多样与健康的生态区域，提升城市的韧性，降低城市化的环境影响。
Diverse ecological zones are created in this almost mono-cultured forest. To create healthier forest ecology, multi-layered vegetation is introduced along the trails, and in areas where the existing densely planted trees are thinned out. Variety of grasses are seeded at the open fields to create wet prairie. Selected water edges are re-graded for a gentler slope for additional wetland planting. Bioswales are implemented along both sides of the trails as part of the overall low-impact stormwater management strategy. The overall elevated ecological services improve the resilience of the city and mitigates the urbanization of this region.
?PLAT
[ 林地生态再造策略 ]
[ Reforestation Ecological Strategy ]
?ZHIYI
[ 水杉林与林下植物层的重新引入 ]
[ Metasequoia Forest and the re-established under-canopy vegetation. ]
?ZHIYI
[ 林间开阔区域的湿草甸引入了多样的草本与地被植物 ]
[ Various of herbaceous groundcover was introduced to the open field between the forests. ]
?ZHIYI
[ 单一的林相被改造成为多样、复层的林地群落结构 ]
[ The mono-cultured forest was recreated for a diverse, and multi-layered forest biocoenosis. ]
?ZHIYI
[ 森林教育平台区被打造成完整的湿草甸、疏林、到滨水密林的群落系统。]
[ Forest Education Platform was designed as a full spectrum of the habitat from wet-prairie, and transition to riparian. ]
?ZHIYI
[ 湿地观鸟平台 ]
[ Wetland Bird-Watching Platform ]
?ZHIYI
[ 滨水密林、疏林草地、与湿地区域的生态层次 ]
[ The transition between dense riparian, grassland, and wetland ecological areas. ]
不单单只是生态上的提升，庙泾河中央水廊也是文化、与社会层面上具有活力的公共空间。各类型的活动区块按照南北两侧用地属性与使用人群的不同展开，在居住区域的沿线布置了野餐草坪、游戏区域、生态教育中心（有声书屋）等功能，公共卫生间、自行车停车、休息区域等服务设施也做了完整的配套。团建场地（文明益站）、森林剧场、以及穿插在林间的架空平台，提供了邻近教育与研究机构人群聚集、漫步与休憩的空间。环境标示系统与教育解说牌也是重要的水廊中提升公众的环境意识，创造可持续宜居城市的重要元素。也用以传达与延续庙泾河曾经作为饮水渠道的场所精神。
Miaojing River Corridor is designed not only for improving ecological health, but also envisions a culturally and socially vibrant public space. Program areas are placed according to the adjacent land uses. Play Areas, Picnic Lawns, Ecological Education Center are designed for nearby residential neighborhoods. They are accompanied with supportive amenities like restrooms and bike racks. Forest Amphitheater and Park Cafe along with elevated, hidden viewing platforms provide gathering and strolling opportunities for the education and research institutions nearby.
?KCID
[ 滨水森林剧场 ]
[ Ｗaterfront forest amphitheater ]
?ZHIYI
[ 社区活动草坪与湿地休憩平台 ]
[ Community Lawn and the Wetland Resting Platform. ]
?ZHIYI
[ 多样尺度的场所与配套设施服务多样人群的使用 ]
[ Places with various scales with amenities serve all uses for everyone ]
?KCID
[ 抬高的金属格栅平台、金属网护栏、与扶手整合的标示，都是低限介入的设计策略部分。]
[ Elevated metal grate platform, metal mesh railing, with integrated environmental education signages are part of the “minimum intervention strategy”. ]
庙泾河在2022年初完成并开放后，已经成为城市中经常使用、也受到民众喜爱的一处公共空间。社区的音乐会、城市事件与活动、日常健身、跑步、骑车爱好者的身影，在周间与周末都随时可见。这个曾经隐身于城市的生态秘境已悄然转身，成为在生态、社会、与文化层面服务的共享水廊。
After its completion and opened to the public in early 2022, it has become a popular, and well-utilized public space in Kunshan. Community concerts, events, daily strolling, jogging and biking are taking place both weekdays and weekends. This hidden treasure is now being embraced and shared with the public, serving the community ecologically, and culturally.
?ZHIYI
[ 庙泾河晨间跑步 ]
[ Running at Miaojing River in the mornings ]
?ZHIYI
[ 在生态当中的社区体健 ]
[ Community fitness in the ecology ]
