桥梁一旦建成投入使用后,在其服役期限内除了材料自身性能会不断退化、老化外,不可避免地还会受到车辆、风、地震、疲劳、超载等自然损害和人为因素的影响,从而导致结构或构件有不同程度的自然累积损伤和突然损伤,导致其服役能力降低,甚至会使其破坏而影响人民的生命财产安全,给国家带来巨大的经济损失。我们在注重建设的同时,更应该对其营运期间的安全性、可靠性、耐久性和正常使用功能给予更大的关注和重视。因此,对桥梁结构实行健康监测就显得尤为必要。本文以城市立交桥梁为研究对象,对桥梁结构健康监测的理论与实践进行了深入研究,结合国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)《季节冰冻区大范围道路灾害参数监测与辨识预警系统研究》项目(2009AA11Z104),主要开展了以下几个方面的研究工作:1.基于损伤可识别性的静力传感器优化布置研究桥梁结构健康监测的前提是在结构中布设传感器,由于经济和结构运行状态等方面的原因,在所有自由度上安置传感器是不可能也是不现实的,因此就出现了在n个自由度上如何布置m(m
A bridge’s performance will continue to be degradation once it has been built and put into use. Bridge structure will inevitably be injured by vehicles, wind, earthquake, fatigue, overloading and other natural and man-made factors, which will lead to accumulative damage and sudden injury of the structure or members of the bridge. As a result, the service capacity of the bridge will reduce, which will threaten people’s lives and property safety and bring on huge economic losses. Therefore, we should pay greater attention to bridges’the safety, reliability, durability and normal function in the operation period as well as focusing on building bridges. It is very necessary to establish health monitoring system to make sure the safety of the bridge. Study on theory and practice of health monitoring of overpass bridge in the city is carried out in the paper combined with national high technology research and development plan (863 project) named‘Research of large range road disaster parameter monitoring and identification and early warning system in seasonal frozen region’, main research work is as follows:1. Optimal placement of static sensors base on damage identificationEmplacing sensors at the bridge structure is the premise of bridge health monitoring. Due to economic factors and structural characteristics, it is impossible and unrealistic to place sensors in all degrees of freedom of the bridge. So an optimization problem on how to place m (m
