中标 win a bid; be awarded a tender
拍卖 auction
租赁 leasing
保税区 bonded area; free trade area
实行全方位开放 practice multi-directional opening
统一政策、放开经营、平等竞争、 unified policy, liberalized operation, and equal competition
自负盈亏、工贸结合、推行代理制 responsibility for one’s own profits and losses, the integration of industry and foreign trade, and the promotion of agent system
知识产权 intellectual property rights
技术转让 technology transfer
可行性研究 feasibility study
意向书 letter of intent
投资环境 investment environment
跨国公司 transnational coorporation
基础设施 infrastructure
20年基本实现现代化 basically achieve modernization in 20 years
发挥技术窗口管理窗口和人才窗口的作用 serve as a medium for introducing advanced technologies, managerial expertise and qualified professionals from outside.
招商 attract investment
招商项目 project proposals for investment
同国际惯例接轨 follow the international codes of practice; bring … in line with the international usage
加大改革力度 intensify reforms
一条龙服务 one package service
一支笔审批 one-chop approval
我们两市的经济互补性很强。 To a great extent, the economies between out two cities are complementary to each other.
平等互利，互通有无 equality and mutual benefit, and trading of needed goods
外引内联 act as an intermediary for introducing foreign capital and establishing domestic connections
保持发展后劲 bring about a sustainable development; sustain momentum of development
经济实力 economic capabilities
龙头 pacemaker; leading role
三通一平（水通、电通、路通、施工场地平） "three connections and one leveling" assuring that a construction site is connected to water and electric power supplies and roads, and that the ground is leveled before a project is begun.
瓶颈 bottleneck
以工养农 use industrial income to finance agriculture
以路养路 use tolls to repay investment in road projects
下放审批权 delegate the authority to examine and approve to lower levels
统而不死，活而不乱 ensure a flexible control
良性循环 positive cycle
国民经济的支柱 mainstay of the national economy
格局初步形成 Pattern has taken initial shape.
理顺企业的产权关系 rationalize the property rights relationships of enterprises
政策性亏损 policy-related loss
三角债 chain debts
上不封顶，下不保底 set no ceiling limit and give no minimum guarantee
企业“工效挂钩” link total payroll with the performance of an enterprise
生意兴隆/冷淡 Business is booming/sluggish
质量信得过单位 quality trustworthy organization
批量生产 mass production
以销定产 limit production to market ability
内联企业 inland associated enterprises
菜篮子工程 shipping basket project
国产化 percentage of home-made parts
配套改革 coordinated reforms
配套措施 supporting measures
配套工程 auxiliary project
国内配套资金 domestic funds
向基础工业倾斜的政策 policy in favor of basic industry
升级换代 upgrading and updating
看好经济增长 think highly of economic growth
行情看好 Favorable price/market can be expected.
行情看涨/跌 anticipate lower market price/rising price
随行就市 fluctuate in line with market conditions
片面追求发展速度 seek an unduly high growth rate
在过渡时期 in a period of transition
粗放/集约经营 extensive/intensive operation
基础地位 leading position
门类齐全 covering extensive fields
存款/贷款余额 the balance of deposits/loans
外汇储备 foreign exchange reserves
贸易顺差 trade surplus
完善的市场和发达的金融体制 well-established market and sophisticated financial system
消灭失业 wipe out unemployment
降低过热的期货市场，恢复金融秩序 cool down the over-heated future market and restore financial order
紧缩银根 tighten the money supply
一位数水平 one digit level
保持双边贸易的平衡 balance the two-way trade
这次会议为两国进一步加强持续的经济联系奠定了坚实的基础。 This meeting laid a sound foundation for the two countries to forge enduring/lasting and constant/continuous economic ties.
市场疲软 a market slump
库存积压 overstocked products
国家指令性计划 state mandatory planning
统一定价 unified price setting
国家统配物资 materials allocated by state
货币发放 the issue of currency
规范价格秩序 standardize the price order

简化流通环节，增加随机检查 simplify circulation and add more random checks
市场机制开始发挥调节作用。 The market mechanisms are beginning to play their regulatory role.
由于该暗补为明补，粮食购销同价。 Grains are purchased and sold by the same price because covered allowances are turned into open allowance.
导致价格持续增长的一个重要因素在于物价的逐步放开及价格结构调整。 An important factor (contributing to/resulting in) substantial price hikes lies in the gradual lifting of prices control and the structural adjustment of prices.
二、人口生育
常住人口 permanent population
流动人口 floating population
盲流 the unemployed migrant people
劳动力 labor force
外来工 migrant worker
临时工 seasonal worker
人口普查 census
人口基数 population base
人口稠密 densely populated
人口稀少 sparsely populated
人口爆炸 population explosion
人口过剩 overpopulation
出生率 birth rate
死亡率 mortality rate
自然增长率 natural growth rate
人口老化 aging of population

合法婚龄 legal age for marriage
结婚高峰 marriage boom
生育高峰 baby boom period
计划生育 family planning
提倡优生优育,鼓励晚婚晚育 advocate healthy pregnancy and scientific nurture, and encourage late marriage and postponed child-bearing
破除重男轻女习俗 change attitude of viewing sons as better than daughters
多子多福 the more sons, the more blessings
男尊女卑 Man is superior to woman
传宗接代 carry on the family line
养儿防老 bring up sons to support parents in their old age
避孕 contraception
避孕用品 contraceptives
人工流产 abortion
节育 birth control
产妇 lying-in women
婚前检查 premarriage health checkings
孕产妇死亡率 maternal mortality rate
婴儿死亡率 infant mortality rate
节育率（避孕率） contraceptive prevalence rate
总和生育率 total fertility rate(tfr)
平均预期寿命 life expectancy at birth
每年人口增加数 annual increment of the population
人口基数大 large population base
平均年增长数 average annual increase
平均年增长率 average annual growth rate
城市化 urbanization
人口流动 movement of population
流动人口 floating population
人口老龄化 the aging of population
更替水平 population replacement level
社会保障体系 social security system
农村剩余劳力的转移 the transfer of rural surplus labors
正规的学校教育 formal school education
到去年年末，中国人口已达到11亿8千5百万，比上一年净增长1346万。 By the end of last year, the Chinese population had reached 1,185 million, a net increase of 13.34 million from a year ago.
计划生育政策符合中国国情，符合整个国家的利益。 The family control policy suits China’s basic conditions and serves the interests of the whole nation.
　

三、政体改革
根据民主化和法制化的要求,积极推进政治体制的改革. 1. According to the demand of democratization and legalization, positive efforts have been made to promote the reformation of political system.
社会主义民主政治的核心是人民当家做主,真正享有法律赋予的各项民主权利. 2. The essence and core of socialist democratic politics is that the people are the masters and they really enjoy various democratic rights endowed by laws.
1979年，全国人民代表大会修改了选举法,各级人民代表大会普遍实行了差额选举,代表正式候选人的名额多于应选名额的1/3至1倍. 3. In 1979, the Electoral Law was revised on the National People’s Congress(NPC). Difference election was adopted in all levels of the Congress. Number of formal candidates is more than those to be elected by a rate of 3:1, or 1 time over.
北京市人民代表大会是北京市的国家权利机关,每届任期五年。每年人民代表大会期间,代表要听取和审议市人民政府、市人民法院、市人民检察院的工作报告;审查和批准北京市的国民经济和社会发展计划、预算以及执行情况的报告。代表大会依法选举市人民代表大会常委委员会的组成人员、市长和副市长、市人民法院院长和中级人民法院院长、市人民检察院检察长和市人民检察分院检察长、绊脚石应选的全国人民代表大会代表。市人民代表大会常务委员会是市人民代表大会的常设机构,其主要任务和职能是根据北京市经济和社会发展的需要制订地方性法规,此外,还有依法决定人事任免,加强对法律法规实施情况的监督检查,审议和办理代表大会交付的议案,督促办理代表提出的建议、批评和意见,组织代表参加专题调查、视察等活动。 4. Beijing People’s Congress is the organ of State power of Beijing Municipality. It is elected for a term of 5 years. During annual sessions, deputies are to listen to, and to discuss, work reports of the municipal government, the municipal court of justice and the municipal procuratorate; and to examine and ratify reports on plans about national economy and social development of Beijing Municipality, as well as those on the budgets and states of execution. the Congress elects, according to law, members of the standing committee of the congress, the mayor, vice mayors, directors of the municipal court of justice and the intermediate people’s court, chief procurators of the municipal procuratorate and of its branches, and deputies to the national people’s congress. The standing committee of the Municipal People’s Congress is the standing body of the Congress, and its major task is to draft local laws and regulations according to needs of economic and social developments in Beijing. Other activities the Standing Committee is responsible to include: to decide appointing and removing of administrative personnel according to the provisions of the law; to strengthen the superintending and checking on states of execution; to discuss and put to practice the motions put forward by the Congress; to supervise the handling of suggestions, criticisms and opinions put forward by deputies; and to organize activities of investigations on special subjects and of inspection tours by deputies.
人民政治协商制度进一步发展。中共北京市委、北京市人民政府就北京改革开放、经济建设和人民生活的重大问题,同各民主党派和人民团体负责人、无党派人士定期进行协商对话,认真采纳他们提出的建议。 The system of political consultations among the people is further developed. Beijing Municipal committee of CPC and Beijing People’s Municipal Government consult and open dialogues regularly with leaders of democratic parties and people’s organizations, and non-party personages on important questions of the reformation and opening-up, economic constructions and people’s lives in Beijing, and good suggestions they put forward have been seriously adopted.

群众组织 mass organizations
居委会 neighborhood committees
保证将国家机关的工作置于社会的监督下 to ensure the works of state organizations be put under social supervision
深入开展反腐败斗争 to deepen the anticorruption campaign
廉正建设 the construction of honest administering
查处违法违纪案件 to investigate and punish the activities violating the law and discipline
执法部门 law-enforcing departments
废除领导干部终身制 The lifelong official system has been abolished.
按照革命化、年轻化、知识化、专业化的要求,把一大批德才兼备的中青年干部选拔到各级领导岗位上来。 According to the demands of "Revolutionizing, Juvenizing and Specializing", a large number of young and middle-aged cadres with both ability and political integrity have been promoted to leading posts of various levels.
注重选拔少数民族干部、妇女干部,积极吸收民主党派人士进入政府各级领导岗位。 Much attention has been paid to select cadres from minority nationalities and from women. Vigorous efforts have been made to absorb personages of democratic parties to leading posts at various levels of governments.
白条 IOU
摆脱许多思想上和体体制上的禁锢 shake off ideological and structural shackles
摆门面 put up an impressive front
百花齐放，百家争鸣 let a hundred fflowers blossom and a hundred schools of thought contend
百业待举 much remains to be done
拜金主义 money worship
败坏党的名声和社会风气 tarnish the reputation of the Party and degrade social conduct
弊端、矛盾、问题 drawbacks, irregularities and problems
避免经济滑坡 avoid economic downturn
有法必依，执法必严，违法必究 Once a law is put into force, it must be observed and strictly enforced and violators must be brought to justice.
必由之路 the only way leading to
地区壁垒 regional barriers
非关税壁垒 non-tariff barriers
边际生产力较高 higher marginal productive forces
边缘学科 rontier branches of science
编假预算 doctor final reports of revenues and expenditures
编造假帐 falsification of account
变相涨价 raise prices in a disguised form
并重 attach equal importance to
拨乱反正 put wrongs to rights
薄弱工业 bottleneck industries
不合理收费、集资和摊派 impose unreasonable service charges and collect money for countless purposes
不顾条件一哄而起 rush into action in disregard of objective conditions
不够明确的产权 a kind of bague concept of ownership
不良风气 unhealthy ways and customs
不正之风 unhealthy tendency
步子迈得更大一些 take a bolder approach to reform and opening-up
办事拖拉 to be dilatory
保证基本路线和方针的连续性和稳定性 see to it that our basic line, principles and policies are continued and kept stable
本位主义 selfish departmentalism
报请下届人大确认 refer to the next session of the NPC for confirmation
　

四、农村经济和农业
乡镇企业 township and village enterprise(TVE)
农业总产值 gross output value of agriculture
完善家庭联产承包责任制 improve the houshold contract responsibility system with remuneration linked to output
承包耕地 contract land
技术承包制 technology contract responsibility
科技兴农 promote agriculture by applying scientific and technological advances
土地使用权有偿转让 compensated transfer of land-use rights
集约经营 intensive farming cultivation
粗放经营 extensive cultivation
开发性农业 develpment-oriented agriculture
继承开发性生产项目的承包经营权 inherit contracts for management of explorative projects
三高农业（高产、高质、高效） high-yield, high-quality and high-return agriculture
贸工农一体化经营 integrated operations of trade, industry and agriculture
家庭副业 family side-line business
离土不离乡 leave the farmland but not one’s hometown; shift from farming to other trades within the rural area
粮食专项储备制度 system of storing food grain for unforeseen needs
农田水利基本建设 irrigation and water conservancy projects
水土保持 water and soil conservation
水土流失 water and soil erosion
开发滩涂 develop shoals
经济作物 cash crop
五、广告用语
广告用语 WORDS AND PHRASES IN ADVERTISEMENT
包君健康 keep you fit all the time
包装新颖美观 fashionable and attractive packages
保证质量 quality and quantity assured
产销历史悠久 have a long history in production and marketing
驰名中外 popular both at home and abroad
穿着舒适轻便 comfortable and easy to wear
工艺精良 sophisticated technologies
规格齐全 a complete range of specifications; complete in specifications
赶超世界先进水平 catch up with and surpass advanced world level
花色繁多 a wide selection of colours and designs
花色新颖品种多样 fashionable styles, rich varieties
货源充足 sufficient supplies; ample supply
久负盛名 with a long standing reputation
交货及时 timely delivery guaranteed
价格公道 reasonable price
技艺精湛 fine craftsmanship
经济耐用 economy and durability
具有中国风味 possess Chinese flavours
居同类产品之首 rank first among similar products
品质优良 excellent in quality
品种齐全 complete range of articles
款式多样 various styles
六、简政廉政
国家公务员 public servants
简政放权 streamline administration, institute decentralization
权力下放 delegate decision-making power to lower levels
小机构大服务 minimum institution, maximum service
败坏社会风气 degrade social conduct
不正之风 unhealthy tendency
拉关系 seek favor
走后门 seek advantages through pull; back-door dealing
乱收费 unreasonable service; go-as-you-pay
量入为出 pay-as-you-go
乱摊派 arbitrary requisition of donations
一切向钱看 put money above everything else
打白条 give you an IOU
搞形式主义 be done for show
嫖娼、赌博、吸毒、贩毒 prostitution, gambling, drug taking and trafficking
坚持两手抓 grasp the two links at the same time; attach equal importance to both economic development and ideological and cultural advancement
精神文明 ideological, intellectual, moral and civic education; ideological and cultural progress
高度文明 be culturally advanced
继承和发扬优良传统 inherit and carry forward one’s fine traditions
集体主义 community spirit; team spirit
凝聚力 cohesiveness
归属感 sense of belonging
扫黄 anti-pornography drive
廉政建设 building of and incorruptible government
反腐败 combat corruption
行贿受贿 offer and accept bribes
贪赃枉法 embezzle public property
加强法制建设 tighten up the legal system
完备的法制 an all-inclucive legal system
规范市场的法律 laws designed t standardize norms for the market

七、城市建设和管理
城市化 urbanization
合理调整城市布局 reasonable adjustments on urban layouts
拆除危旧房屋 dangerous and old houses are dismantled
住房难,行路难,通讯难 problems of housing, traffic and communication
旧城逐步改建,近郊调整配套,远郊积极发展 reforming the old city step by step, adjusting and matching installations in the outskirts, and making active development in remote outskirts
成片建设地区 vast stretches of construction area
统一规划 integrated planning
卫星城 satellite city
立交桥 overpass
房地产开发 exploitation of real estate
城市建设和管理的总体规划 the overall plan of urban construction and administration
竣工面积 completed residential areas
配套的公共设施 matched public installations
方便市民生活 provide citizens with conveniences
长期的低租金福利性住房制度 the long-existing low-rent welfare housing system
实现住宅商品化 to realize mercantile residences
建立住房公积金 to set up housing accumulation funds
建立单位、政府两级住房基金 to set up housing accumulation funds on the working unit and government levels
出售公有住宅 to sell publicly-owned residences
集资合作建房 to collect funds for cooperative house-building
逐步提高房租 to raise the rent step by step
公共交通客运量 passengers transported by public traffic vehicles
邮政通讯枢纽工程 newly completed postal corresponding pivot project
普及率 popularizing rate
程控电话网 the network of program-controlled telephone
无线寻呼台 wireless paging station
移动电话 movable telephone
日供水能力 daily supplying capacity
集中供热 central heating
变电站 substation
发电厂 power plant
装机容量 installed capacity
输电线路 transmission line
发电设备 generating equipment
绿色屏障 green screen
义务植树日 voluntary tree-planting day
绿色项链 green necklace
外缘防护林带 outer shelter belt
城市绿化覆盖率 Afforestation coverage in the city
园林城市 garden city
锅炉 boiler
煤气、液化石油气和天然气等清洁燃料 clean fuels such as gas, liquified petroleum gas and natural gas
密闭式垃圾桶,垃圾楼,垃圾袋 hermetic garbage cans, garbage towers and garbage bags
烟尘控制达标区 standardized smoke-and-dust-controlling area
非旅游区 non-tourist area
饮用水源 the source of drinking water
水厂 waterworks
污水处理厂 sewage treatment plant
低噪声小区 low-noise residential area
八、交际礼节套语
久仰 I’ve heard so much about you.
好久不见了 Long time no see.
辛苦了 You’ve had a long day.You’ve had a long flight.
尊敬的朋友们 distinguished/Honorable/Respected friends
阁下(多用于称呼大使) Your Excellency
我代表北京市政府欢迎各位朋友访问北京. On behalf of the Beijing Municipal government, I wish to extend our warm welcome to the friends who have come to visit Beijing.
对您的大力协助，我谨代表北京市政府表示衷心的感谢。 On behalf of the Beijing Municipal government, I wish to express our heartfelt thanks to you for your gracious assistance.
在北京过得怎么样？ How are you making out in Beijing?
我一定向他转达您的问候和邀请. I’ll surely remember you and your invitation to him.
欢迎美商来北京投资. American businessmen are welcome to make investment in Beijing.
欢迎多提宝贵意见. Your valuable advice is most welcome.
不虚此行 It’s a rewarding trip.
您的日程很紧,我们的会见是否就到此为止. As you have a tight schedule, I will not take up more of your time.
请代我问候...先生 please remember me to Mr.
感谢光临 Thank you so much for coming.
欢迎再来 Hope you’ll come again.
欢迎以后多来北京 Hope you’ll visit Beijing more often.
请留步,不用送了. I will see myself out, please.
多保重 Take care.
祝您一路平安. Have a nice trip.
愿为您效劳。 At your service.
为…举行宴会/宴请 host a dinner/banquet/luncheon in honor of … 欢迎宴会 welcome dinner
便宴 informal dinner
午宴（附有情况介绍或专题演讲等内容） luncheon
便餐 light meal
工作午餐 working luncheon
自助餐 buffet dinner/luncheon
答谢宴会 return dinner
告别宴会 farewell dinner
庆功宴 glee feast
招待会 reception
庆祝中华人民共和国成立四十五周年招待会 Reception Celebrating the 45th Anniversary of the Founding of the People’s Republic of China

鸡尾酒会 cocktail party
茶话会 tea party
包餐/点餐 table d’hote/a la carte
上菜 serve a courst
您的位置在这里 Here is your seat.
请入席 Please have a seat.
欢聚一堂 enjoy this happy get-together
请随便 Please yourself at home./Please enjoy yourself.
请各位随意用餐 Help yourself please.
您喝点什么？ what would you like to drink?
现在我提议，为了…和…之间的合作，为了…参议员的健康，干杯！ At this point, I propose a toast: to the cooperation between … and … , to the health of Senator…, cheers!
最后，我借主人的酒，提议为…干杯！ Lastly, taking up this glass of fine wine, I propose a toast to … 请各位举杯并同我一起为所有在座的朋友们的健康干杯！ I’d ask you to raise your glass and join me in a toast ot the health of all our friends present here.
敬您一杯。 Here’s to you.
祝你健康 To your health.
我要为此干杯 I’ll drink to that!
随量 Whatever you like.
我失陪一会儿 Excuse me for a minute.
菜不好，请多多包涵 Hope you enjoy yourself.
女士们先生们，欢迎各位光临，演出很快就要开始了，请尽快就坐。 Ladies and gentlemen, good evening. The concert/show would start soon. Please get yourself seated. Thank you.
招待会现在开始。 The reception will now begin.
全体起立，奏国歌。 All rise please. For the P.R.C.National Anthem.
出席今天招待会的贵宾有 The distinguished guests paarticipating the reception are
现在请…讲话 I have the honour to call upon… 开幕式现在结束。 This concludes the opening ceremony.
隆重庆祝 grand celebration
庆祝成立…一周年 celebrating the 1st Anniversary of the Establishment of … 热烈祝贺第一届…锦标赛 Hail the first FIFA of … 值此节日之际致以节日的祝贺 On the occasion of the season, I would like to extend season’s greetings.
祝您工作顺利、事业成功、身体健康、家庭幸福！ Wish you the very best of luck in your job, every successin your future endeavours, good health and a happy family!
衷心祝贺您当选… Hearty congratulations on your recent ecletion as … 举行会议/研讨会/大会/座谈会/学术报告会 hold a meeting/seminar/conference /forum/symposium
赞助人/主办人/承办人/协办人 patron/sponsor/organizer/co-organizer
举行谈判 enter into negotiation
交涉 make representations with sb. on sth./deal with sb.
事物性会谈 talks at working level
对口会谈 counterpart talks
议程项目 items on the agenda
主题 theme
议题 topic for discussion
双方商定的议程 schedule mutually agreed upon
开幕会议 opening session
全体会议 plenary session
开场白 introduction
情况介绍 presentation
小组讨论 panel discussion
同有关单位磋商 hold consultations with the organizations concerned
一轮会谈 one round of talks
决议 resolution
谅解备忘录 memorandum of understanding
现在开会 I declare the meeting open.
请…发言 I invite the representative of …to take the floor.
下面我给各位简要介绍一下北京的经济情况 Nnow I would like to give you a brief overview of Beijing’s economy.
我的介绍完了，谢谢。 That’s all for my presentation.thank you.
我先说这么多。 So much for my remarks for now.
我要说的就是这些。 That’s all for what I want to say.
您看是先谈原则问题呢，还是先谈具体问题？ I wonder if you would like to start with matters of principle or specific issues?
让我先谈一个问题。 If you agree,(With your permission)let me start with one issue
在谈那个问题之前我想对您刚才讲的话谈点看法。 Before we trun to that issue, I wish to make a few comments/remarks on your presentation.
您对此事怎么看呢？ I wish to benefit from your views on this matter./ What is your view on this matter?/ How do you see this matter?
我提议休会十分钟。 I propose a ten-minute break.
我想接着刚才的问题讲下去。 I will pick up where we left off just now.
对不起，我插一句。 Sorry for the interruption but
当然可以。 By all means
怎么都行。 Whatever you say.
我没有异议。 I have no objection
我方对这个问题有异议。 We take exception to this question.
我们高兴地看到 We note with pleasure that
这个日期贵方觉得合适吗？ I wonder if this date wuld be suitable for you?
不知你们上午谈的怎样？ I wonder how the meeting went this morning?
我方很希望贵方能尽早给予肯定的答复。 We would greatlyl appreciate it if you could give us your favourable and prompt commitment as soonas possible.
请你们务必在8月1日前提出意向书。 You are kindly requested to submit the letter of intent on the date no later than 1st August.
纠缠这个问题 entangle this issue
提倡节约 advocate/uphold thriftiness
为了国家的繁荣 for the sake of national property
经受了时间考验的友谊给我留下了很深的印象。 The time-tested friendship leave me a deep impression.
密切注视 Keep close watch on

促进密切合作 spur/promote intensive cooperation
九、财税融资
金融保险 BANKING AND INSURANCE BUSINESS
将原来的高度集中的计划金融管理体制改为实行中央银行体制, 以人民银行为领导，专业银行为主体，保险公司、信托投资公司、农村信用社、城市信用社、证券公司等多种金融机构并存和协作的，多层次、多功能的金融组织体系。 The original highly-concentrated planned banking managing system is transformed into the Central Bank system, that is , establishing a cooperative, multi-levelled and multi-functioned banking organizational system which is bed by the People’s Bank of China, operated with specialized banks as the main body and supported by insurance companies, trust investment companies, rural credit cooperatives, city credit cooperatives and stock companies.
信贷资金运行机制 operational mechanism of credit capitals
实贷实存 actual loans and deposits
融通资金 allocate funds
（银行、商业、消费、国家、民间）信用 (banking, commercial, consuming, state and non-governmental)credits
商业票据 commercial bills
国家/企业债券 state/enterprises bonds
股票 stocks
大额定期储蓄存单 large amount deposit receipts
全市初步形成了以同业资金拆借市场证券市场和外汇调剂市场为主内容的金融市场体系。 A banking market system majored by call markets, stock markets and foreign exchange regulating markets is primarily formed in the Municipality.
积极发挥利率的经济杠杆作用。扩大了计息范围划分了利率种类和档次实行区别利率同时推行浮动利率。 Giving full play to the economic lever function of interest rates. Spheres of interest-reckoning are expanded. differentiated interest rates are carried out b dividing interest rates into various kinds and levels. Floating interest rates are adopted.
允许外汇额度和现汇进行市场调节，价格随行就市。 Market regulations of foreign exchange quotas and cash remittances are permitted, and prices are changeable according t changes of the market.
统计结算和信息传递 statistics， account-settling and information transferring
风险责任 risk responsibility
社会保险 social insurance
社会保障 social security
社会福利 social welfare service
失业保险 insurance for the unemployed
退休（养老）金 pensions
生活待遇 material amenities
便民服务 handy service for the public
社会救济对象 people eligible for social relief
社会福利院 social welfare home
财税融资 TAXATION AND FINANCING
财政 revenue and public financing
财政包干 local governments are responsible for their own finance; fiscal contract responsibility system
财税改革 fiscal and tax reform
分税制 system whereby tax revenues are shared by central and local authorities
利税分流 system whereby state-owned enterprises pay tax plus a percentage of profits
累进税率 progressive tax rate
税基 tax base
税种（营业税、所得税、增值税、消费税、流转税、关税） category of tax(business tax, value added tax 〖VAT〗,consumption tax, turnover tax, tariff)
货币投放 money supply
融资（项目贷款、债券股票融资、集资、游资、经常性贷款、贷款利率、赠款、担保人） financing(project financing, financing in the form of bonds and stocks, fund raising, idle funds, commercial lending, lending rate, grants, guarantor)

信贷额度 line of credit
买方信贷/卖方信贷 buyer credits/supplier credits
偿还期限 repayment terms
履约保证金 performance guarantee
差额垫支担保 provide shortfall payment guarantee
优惠贷款 soft loan
混合信贷 mixed credits
宽限期 grace period
回流贷款 recycling loan
还本付息 repay principle and pay interest on loans
回收快 gain quick return
回报率 rate or return (ROR)
盈利能力 profitability
规模效益 an economy of scale
信贷规模管理（存款准备金率、中央银行贷款利率、公开市场业务） control over scale of bank credit (reserve ratio on deposits, central bank’s lending rates, open market operations)
最初设立该机构是为了执行反托拉斯法。制订该项法律的目的在于防止垄断和维护竞争。 The agency was originally established to enforce antitrust laws. These laws are designed to prevent monopoly and maintain competition.
建立保险金制度和物品储备制度以便平衡供求关系。 The system of risk-proof fund and material reserve are designed to balance the supply and demand.
经过15年的努力，中国已经初步完成了价格改革，截止到1992年底，靠市场调节价格的商品已占93%。 Following 15 years of effort, China has initially completed prices reform. By the end of 1992, commodities subject to market regulation have accounted for 93%.
进一步扩大市场机制的积极作用，以抵消物价上涨对人民生活水平带来的消极影响。 to further expand the positive role of market mechanism in order to offset the adverse influences of price hikes on the living standard of the people.
采取灵活措施 exercise flexible measures
政府颁布详尽措施打击欺骗性价格和暴利，相关的执行细则将于4月1日生效。新规定将起到限制与保护的双重作用。 The government has enacted sweeping moves/measures against gouging price and staggering/exorbitant/excessive profits, and the related detailed implementation rules will go into effect on 1st of April. The new regulations will play a dual role of restriction and protection.
价格波动再次警告我们不要对粮食价格掉以轻心。 Price fluctuation once again warned us not to treat the grain price lightly.
十、教育与培训
教育和培训 EDUCATION AND TRAINING
人才 qualified people, talented people
自学成才 self-made man
文盲 illiteracy
人才外流 brain drain
尊重知识 respect for learning
尊师重教风尚 social climate of respect for teachers and education
教师节 Teacher’s Day
学前教育 preschool education
学龄儿童 children of school age
推广普通话 popularize Beijing pronunciation
普及9年义务教育 make 9-year compulsory education universal
发展德育智育美育体育 receive an education to develop morally, intellectually, aesthetically and physically
社会集资办学 schools run with funds raised from different walks of life
希望工程 Hope Project
通才教育 liberal education
大专教育 post-secondary education
高等教育 higher education
职业技术教育 vocational and technical education
成人教育 adult education
在职培训 on-the-job training
本科生 undergraduate
专科生 junior college student
学历文凭 academic diplomas
职业资格证书 job qualification certificate
电视大学 TV university
业余大学 spare time university
职工大学 university for employees
夜校 evening school
进修班 continuing study course
速成班 crash course
统考 centralized examination
高考 university entrance examination
自学考试 exams for the self-taught
高等院校 institutions for higher learning
重点大学 key university
师范大学 normal university
学院 college
中等专科学校 secondary technical school
中等职业学校 secondary vocational school
附属中学 affiliated secondary school
代培师资 train teachers for other organizations
住校生 boarder
走读生 day student
教育必须与生产相结合。 Education must be combined with production.
成语和俗语
有朋自远方来,不亦乐乎! How happy we are, To meet friends from afar!
欢聚一堂 enjoy a happy get-together
一见如故 feel like an old friends at first sight
一回生,二回熟 First time strangers, second time friends
共叙旧谊 renew friendship
记忆犹新 remain fresh in one’s memory
一言为定 It’s a deal.
礼轻情意重 The gift itself may be small, but the goodwill is deep.