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Choice of the lighting power that meet an urgent need
The emergence and changing the oncoming force swift and violent , with numerous and complicated contently of the building trade, the modernized building is in different poses and with different expressions, the model is different, and demonstrate the high , big , the whole , new characteristic progressively . Storey of the modern architecture counts higher and higher, the floor space is larger and larger, inside facilities are more and more perfect, the function is more and more complete, the equipment and material used are newer and newer. It is larger and larger to include the inside flow of horizontal traffic , vertical traffic inside a building. We hope the building (including underground part ) supply power incessantly , and various kinds of calamities have a contingent one in fact. For instance: Such calamities as fire , exploding and earthquake ,etc.. When these calamities take place, the normal power often breaks down or must disconnect the power , normal illumination all go out at this moment. For the security of support personnel and property , and operate and deal with the production , work that are carried on in time, prevent the calamity or the accident from spreading effectively, should put into and meet an urgent need and light immediately at this moment.

1.Classification of meeting an urgent need and lighting:
The illumination is to break down because of the power in the normal lighting system , is not offered under the situation lighted normally again to meet an urgent need, illumination for personnel to evacuate , ensure the security or continue working.
Whether meet an urgent need illumination different from ordinary to light , it includes. Light , evacuate and light reservly , light three kinds safely.
1.1 Light reservly :
When the normal lighting power breaks down, the emergency had for guaranteeing the normal activity continues going on lights some. Usually should set up and light for future spending in the following places :
(1)It may cause and explode to operate or handle in time after cutting out, make hydrogen in if the places of such accidents as the fire and poisonning ,etc., some operation position that paint production , chemical industry , petroleum , plastics , celluloid , production of the products , explosive produce and the solvent produce.
(2)Do not operate or handle the place that the valuable part that will cause the production procedure to be confused or process sustains damages in time after cutting out. For instance the converter , metal in such industry as some procedure , metallurgy , Aero-Space of the chemical industry , petroleum industry ,etc. melt casting , heat treatment and accurate some departments that process workshop .
(3)It will cause the greater place of political influence or serious economic losses that the illumination goes out. Such as the important communication centre, broadcasting station, TV station, the power plant and transformer substation of the centre, control centre, country and International Conference Centre, important for hotel, international for airport waiting room, the hub of communications, important power supply station (heating, air supply, support oil of) and last facility,etc.

(4)The illumination goes out and hinders the place that the rescue work of fire control will be carried on. Control room of the fire control that for instance , meeting an urgent need in generator room , the broadcasting room and electricity distribution room ,etc.
(5)The important underground building will go out unable to work and activity because of the illumination . For instance subway station , underground hospital , large-and-middle-scale underground market , underground hotel , underground restaurant , the underground garage and underground place of entertainment ,etc.
(6)It will cause the place that the cash , valuables will be stolen that the illumination goes out. Large-and-middle-scale valuables of market for instance sell goods district, cash desk, bank cashier’s desk,etc.
1.2 Evacuate and light:
When the normal power breaks down , in order to enable personnel to find the emergency exported and had in building and light some easily and accurately. Usually should have and evacuate lighting in the following places :
(1)Personnel’s numerous , intensive public buildings. Such as the great hall, large meeting room , theater , cinema , cultural palace , gymnasiums and stadiums , large-scale exhibition hall , museum , Art Museum , large-and-middle-scale market , waiting in the drawing room , airport waiting room and large-scale hospital etc.
(2)Such buildings as large-and-middle-scale hotel , large-scale restaurant ,etc. (3)High-story public buildings , exceeding the skyscraper.
(4)Personnel are numerous underground buildings. For instance and there is no building of natural daylighting by a large scale in subway station, underground hotel, underground market , underground place of entertainment,etc.
(5)Very important , personnel’s numerous factory buildings of large scale industry .

1.3 Light safely:
When the normal power breaks down, for guarantee at emergency that security set up of personnel light some in being potential and dangerous. Usually should set up and light safely in the following places :
(1)Normal illumination of industrial factory building when going out because of trouble of the power , may cause personnel dampen , serious dangerous area of burning etc. in darkness. If the cutter uncovers but not has disc saw of the protective measure ,etc.
(2)Light when the trouble of the power goes out normally , make the rescue work of the critical patient unable to go on in time, the one that delays first aid time but may jeopardize patient’s life . For instance the operating room of the hospital, the critical patient’s rescue room ,etc.
(3) After the normal illumination goes out because of trouble of the power , because numerous personnel assemble , and is and not familiar with the environmental condition , easy to cause terrifiedly and may cause the place of loss of life ing, or it is difficult for people to wait with the lift where the external world contact.
The concept lighted according to meeting an urgent need and meeting an urgent need in the place which should be set up in illumination , we are very easy to find:

Meet an urgent need illumination should is it is it for general demand that light , is it meet an urgent need the special demand for function to meet to do to meet, should light under the state of emergency , as well as guarantee to install and in the good emergent state safely , reliably in the building throughout the year at the same time. Besides choosing the suitable light source , it is essential to choose the safe , reliable , prolonged , durable emergent lighting power in this.
2.Classification of the emergent lighting power :
The lighting power is a state of the minimum luminance that no longer offers the normal illumination to need in the normal power to meet an urgent need, namely when the voltage of normal lighting power is lowered to under 60% of specified voltage , transform the lighting power into and meet an urgent need and supply power. Whether meet an urgent need lighting power can divide into following odd kind roughly.
(1)Come from the No. of feed line separated from normal power effectively of the power network .
(2)Generating set of diesel oil.
(3)Battery group: Divided into the following several situations again:
a.Take the battery by oneself in the light, namely take the power type emergency light by oneself.
b.Battery group concentrated on setting up .
c.Battery group concentrating on setting up of dividing area.
(4)Make the power up : Namely so that three kinds of power make the way of supplying power up by the above wanton two kinds.

3.Sureness of conversion time:
Conversion time is fixed according to the stipulations of actual project and relevant norms.
(1)The conversion time lighting reservly should not be greater than 15s;
(2)It is should not be greater than 15s to evacuate the conversion time lighting;
(3)Conversion time that light safely should greater than sureness , 0.5s;
The sureness of conversion time is considered from essential operation , treatment and may cause the accident ing , economic losses mainly, some places require shorter conversion time, such as cash desk in the center of the market being unsuitable to be greater than 1.5s; For having serious and dangerous production places , should produce actual need to fix according to it . It is easy to realize so long as adopt and change for evacuating light and light reservly automatically. Even use diesel oil generating set make for emergency supply, is it start , is it be can realized too to change automatically automatically to adopt. As to lighting safely, because conversion time is extremely short for 0.5s, it is the emergency supply that can’t adopt the generating set of diesel oil , can’t do the fluorescent lamp for the light source either , and must be changed automatically with the instantaneous incandescent lamp that light.
4.Lasting lighting sureness of time:
From meet an urgent need kind and demand of conversion time , lighting of power, ugly to is it meet an urgent need illumination sustain working time to limit certain

terms to appear. Usually stipulate that it is unsuitable to be lighter than 30min to sustain working time to evacuate lighting, according to requiring to be divided into such 6 pieces of grade as 30 , 60 , 90 , 120 , 180min ,etc. differently. And continuation working time that light safely should is it make use concrete demand and make to look at. The emergent lighting system of the electric wire netting or the generating set since for connecting , it is apt to meet the demands that it lasts working time; The emergent lighting system supplying power to the battery , is limited by size of capacity in its working time, the longer place does not use the battery group alone for demanding to last working time, should consider cooperating with generating set and using . Supplied power by the battery group, only did in order to meet an urgent need to light and crossed in this case .
5.Sureness of the emergent lighting power :
The determining of emergent lighting power, should be according to the kind of meeting an urgent need and lighting, consider choosing synthetically in such many kinds of factors as conversion time , lasting working time , characteristics of different power and desirability of the actual project and requiring ,etc., it is rational to accomplish safe and reliable , economy technologically advanced.
5.1 power separated from return circuit of normal feed from electric wire netting:
This kind of power , have conversion time short (conversion time is apt to respond to the request that under various kinds of situations), it lasts working time long, the reliable characteristic that work. So this kind of power is used comparatively general. Especially it is easier that the large and medium cities, large-and-middle-scale factory obtain this kind of power . To the public buildings and factory building, because of the production and need of work, when having reserve

power of electric wire netting, should utilize it to make the lighting power in order to meet an urgent need at first . If it is uneconomical to set up above-mentioned such power in specially illumination in order to meet an urgent need. Should combine local electricity real and project actual conditions consider synthetically , overall arrangement electric emergency supply and meet an urgent need the lighting power of equipment. Light to lighting reservly and the fire control water pump house one that will continue keeping producing reservly , should use the same reserve power with producing the electric equipment , fire control pump , generally since the electric wire netting is obtained .
5.2 diesel oil generating set power :
For meet an urgent need generating set, because electrical machinery is it need long time to put into operation, the aircrew often in reserve state, nearly need 15s since start-up time while losing electrical power , so can only do it in order to evacuate lighting and reserve emergent lighting power that lighted , can’t be used in the security to light alone. It is uneconomical to specially set up the generating set in illumination in order to meet an urgent need, it is unreasonable. Often need to set up the generating set in order to meet the fire control demand in the skyscraper; It is often consideration together of need with electric equipment producing operation in some industrial production factory building or communication , traffic centre.