Past event - HYDRO 2007 First report from HYDRO 2007, Granada (15-17 October)The mood concerning present and future hydropower development worldwide was extremely positive among nearly 1100 participants from 74 countries who assembled in Granada, Spain, for HYDRO 2007. The theme of the event was ’New Approaches for a New Era’, and the consensus during discussions was that new planning approaches, improvements in communications among stakeholders, and greater sensitivity to environmental aspects (both by developers and by industrial companies) were heralding encouraging results.
Past event - HYDRO 2007
First report from HYDRO 2007, Granada (15-17 October)
The mood concerning present and future hydropower development worldwide was extremely positive among nearly 1100 participants from 74 countries who assembled in Granada, Spain, for HYDRO 2007. The theme of the event was ’New Approaches for a New Era’, and the consensus during discussions was that new planning approaches, improvements in communications among stakeholders, and greater sensitivity to environmental aspects (both by developers and by industrial companies) were heralding encouraging results.
In her opening address, Alison Bartle of Aqua-Media International (Hydropower & Dams), which hosted of the Conference, observed that in the past few weeks alone, long awaited major hydro schemes had gone ahead on three continents: Bujagali in Africa (Uganda), Rampur in Asia (India), and the first two plants of the Rio Madeira scheme in South America (Brazil). While the environmental and social as well as technical aspects of all these projects had been carefully planned and studied, prolonged debates and in some cases fierce opposition had delayed them. But in recent months, balanced debate among all involved had convinced environmental authorities and lending agencies of the countries concerned that any negative social or environmental impacts can be mitigated, and are certainly outweighed by project benefits. In the case of Rio Madeira, a revised layout to reduce sedimentation problems will also save about 20 per cent of the project costs.
All these schemes, and many other similar cases, were high on the agenda at HYDRO 2007, so that constructive lessons could be learnt.
Among the new features of the Conference this year were:
An inter-active Finance Clinic, where participants spent several hours putting questions of practical relevance to their regions or countries to a panel of experts.
A rigorous debate on climate change, covering: implications for hydropower, uncertainties (including widely diverging opinions on scientific research), policies and plans. Participants represented UNESCO, the World Bank, Environment Canada, the Government of Norway, and a number of consultants with a special interest in climate change.
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A plenary debate on capacity building, with panellists from ICOLD, UNESCO, the Canadian International Development Agency, inter-acting with many participants from the developing countries of Africa, Asia and Latin America.
The HYDRO 2007 Conference and Exhibition were the largest to date in Aqua-Media’s series of annual Hydro events, also indicating the more positive era for world hydropower development.
High level delegations were present from virtually all countries with major hydro programmes under way, including 15 Asian, 15 African and 9 Latin American countries; this meant that a constructive exchange of experience was possible between nations at all the various development stages.
Some highlights from the opening plenary session, co-chaired by ICOLD President L. Berga and Hon President C.V.J. Varma, were: Keynote Addresses by: Alessandro Palmieri of the World Bank on the Bank’s Clean Energy Framework; and Adama Nombre, ICOLD Vice-President, from Burkina Faso, on needs for capacity building in the less developed countries.
The host country, Spain, was well represented in the opening session. F. Tapia, President of the Confederacion Hidrografica del Guadalquivir discussed hydro in his region; J. Yagüe, Deputy Director of Water at the Ministerio del Medio Ambiente discussed water resources development in Spain - in particular the construction of dams in harmony with the environment; ICOLD President Prof Luis Berga focused on dams and hydropower; A. Zafra of ENDESA discussed Spain’s energy portfolio, stressing commitment to renewable energy and hydropower; and B. Navalon, head of Hydropower at Iberdrola, outlined his utility’s substantial plans for further hydropower and pumped-storage development over the next ten years.
Reports of current hydro development activities and future plans were presented in the first session from a number of countries with enormous potential. Examples were: Vietnam (presented by Dr Lam Du Son of EVN); the Russian Federation (presented by R. Kazhiakhmetov of RusHydro); Brazil (presented by M. Zimmermann, Secretary of State for Energy Planning and Development at the Ministry of Mines & Energy); India (presented by S.K. Garg, CEO of NHPC); and Guinea (presented by K. Guilavogui of the Ministère de l’Hydraulique et de l’Energie).
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In the session on Finance, C.R. Head of the UK proposed a new concept for hydro project finance, which he felt could replace the traditional BOOT model. The session also demonstrated that the policies of major lending agencies such as the World Bank are now turning to concrete actions.
On social aspects, an instructive presentation from the Director of Inversa, Honduras, stressed that stakeholder involvement should be real and not ritual. She described experience with introducing hydropower to rural communities; a sensitive approach to communications during the planning process, and also the employment opportunities offered to local people had led not only to public acceptance, but also enthusiasm for the project.
A full report of HYDRO 2007 will be published in Issue 6 of Hydropower & Dams; this will include summaries of the various sessions prepared by chairmen, moderators and panellists, as well our own overview of the proceedings.
Below is a brief summary of the main issues which emerged from the sessions, as well as an overview of the conference participants.
Potential, development progress in a new era- Country reports demonstrated the huge hydro potential in the parts of the world where extra capacity is most needed.
- There are clearly defined plans in the countries concerned.
- It is clear that there is a greater acceptance of hydro (a new era) - this is partly thanks to adherence to practical guidelines and improved communications with stakeholders.
- Vast potential is available from marine energy (tidal and wave power systems).
- New hydro and pumped storage is moving ahead not only in developing countries.
- Increased international collaboration, and partnerships in planning and development are playing a key role in accelerating development.
New approaches to project finance
- Policies of the IFIs are turning into practical actions - many schemes are moving ahead in the developing countries.
- New financial model was proposed BOSS (build, operate, sell and start again, as a possible replacement for the BOOT concept
- Financiers are requiring evidence of sustainability. The IHA Sustainability Assessement Protocol was mentioned as a useful tool in this respect.
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Environment: new approaches and issues
- The industry is increasingly active in developing concepts to protect the environment (fish protection, water quality conservation, etc).
- A practical exchange of experience from different countries (case studies) was valuable.
- Climate change: there is clearly diversity of opinion on scientific research, but there is consensus on the need for action - hydrological modelling, adapting infrastructure, etc.
Key challenges for project design and construction
- Sedimentation management: more hydro projects are in sediment-rich countries. There is an urgent need for new approaches, with greater emphasis on site selection and project layout.
- Tougher site conditions - adequate investigations are essential well in advance to evaluate geological risks. Difficult conditions in remote areas are strongly influencing project progress. A significant evolution in construction techniques and equipment was reported.
Social aspects and communications
- Stakeholder involvement in planning must be real, not ritual.
- Responsible planning avoids conflict, enhances acceptability, and thus also saves time and costs
- Providing employment opportunities for local people can play a key role in acceptance, and even enthusiasm for a hydro project.
- Benefits of a project must be local, as well as regional/national.
Technology
- O&M is becoming progressively easier, but continuous training of staff is essential.
- Silt erosion can be a key issue; new methods for protecting machinery were proposed.
- Owners and manufacturers are on the right track for refurbishment, with and without upgrading (not only leading to improved availability of power, but also better water management, and enhancement of the environment).
- Hydro equipment - a broad range of topics were covered. Computational fluid dynamics was prominent as a design tool and for operational investigations.
- Other equipment-related topics of special interest included: turbine design with self-lubricating guidevanes; recent developments in welding components, turbine shaft seals, and PTFE coated thrust bearings
- Developments in gate technology an innovative bottom outlet gate at Kárahnjúkar was described.
有喜欢的看看吧。
注意最后说的挑战问题，一个是很多新的工程的公家遇上的沉积物多，另外是现场环境更恶劣。需要新的方法。
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