高密度挑战：深圳景龙小学

作者：FCJZ

深圳，中国 | Shenzhen, China 非常建筑位于高密度城市中心的深圳景龙小学 JingLong Elementary School located in the high density city center of Shenzhen 今天，城市的密度大大高于以往，并仍在不断增高。在高密度环境下的小学与从前低密度环境下的小学的主要差异是什么？随着密度的增加，学校建筑的高度也必然随之增加，这意味着学生在地面户外空间活动的机会就会相应减少。室外活动对孩子的成长至关重要，我们在做学校建筑设计时便聚焦于解决此问题。

深圳，中国 | Shenzhen, China

非常建筑

位于高密度城市中心的深圳景龙小学

JingLong Elementary School located in the high density city center of Shenzhen

今天，城市的密度大大高于以往，并仍在不断增高。在高密度环境下的小学与从前低密度环境下的小学的主要差异是什么？随着密度的增加，学校建筑的高度也必然随之增加，这意味着学生在地面户外空间活动的机会就会相应减少。室外活动对孩子的成长至关重要，我们在做学校建筑设计时便聚焦于解决此问题。

The density of cities today is much higher than it used to be and is still increasing. What are the main differences between a primary school in a high density environment and one in the low density environment in the past? As density increases, the height of the school building inevitably increases, which means the opportunities for students to go down to the outdoor space on the ground level are correspondingly reduced. Outdoor activities are critical to the development of children, and we focused on solving this problem when designing the school building.

鸟瞰 Bird 's-eye view

学校正门 School gate

景龙小学位于深圳市中心的福田区，占地面积本来就偏紧张，四周被高层住宅楼环绕。由于学校共有36个班级，校舍必须高达6层。对于高年级的学生来说，要在课间休息10分钟的时间里下到地面活动几乎是不可能的了。

JingLong Elementary School is located in Futian district in the central Shenzhen. The compact site area is surrounded by high-rise residential buildings. Since the school has a total of 36 classes, the building has to be six stories high, it's almost impossible for senior students to get down to the ground during their 10-minute break.

紧邻住宅楼的南侧教学楼

The south side of the school building is adjacent to a residential building

从西侧操场看教学楼

Looking at the teaching building from the playground on the west

教学楼北侧立面

North elevation of the teaching building

北立面局部

North elevation close-up

既然学生下楼不方便，能不能将户外空间带到各楼层上去？于是在我们的设计中，在每一层的中心位置都出现了一个本质上是露天房间的区域：这个空间有上层的楼板为屋顶，但没有墙体的围合。它像一个风雨操场，同学们可以在任何天气状况下，在这里锻炼、活动、玩耍。

If students could not get downstairs, is it possible to bring the outdoor spaces upstairs on to each floor? Therefore, at the center of each floor is an area that is essentially an open-air room in our design: this space is roofed by the upper floor, but no enclosure walls. It is like a covered playground, where students can exercise, hold activities and play in all weather conditions.

设计概念 Design concept ?FCJZ

曲线楼板走廊

Curved corridor floor plate

二层活动平台

Second floor activity deck

学生在活动平台上玩耍

Students playing on the activity deck

活动平台上的课余活动

Exercise on the activity deck

二层的开放活动区

Open area in the second floor

它还是一个开放的教室，老师们可以在这里授课、演示，同学们也可以在此自习、讨论。这个场所不但使学生体验户外又不必下楼成为可能，还提供了走出教室进行班级之间交流的机会。因此，这一系列没有被单一功能定义的半室外建筑空间恰恰构成了学校的社区中心微型广场。

It is also an open classroom, where teachers can teach and demonstrate and students can study and discuss. This space not only makes it possible for students to experience the outdoors without having to go downstairs, but also provides an opportunity to leave the classroom and interact with each other. Thus, this series of undefined semi-outdoor spaces forms a micro-plaza for the center of the school's community.

从开放空间看活动平台

Viewing the activity deck from the open area

三层开放空间

Open area on the third floor

开放空间为学生在课间提供了互动空间

The open area provides space for students to interact between classes

由于用地的局限，我们也意识到有必要把绿化引到建筑立面上，于是用钢丝网作为每层开敞空间的栏杆扶手材料，便于藤本植物攀爬。

Due to the compactness of the land parcel, we realize that the landscape has to be developed vertically as well. Wire mesh is selected as the material for the handrails for the open space on each level so that vines can climb up the building elevations.